In a number of cases, employers have taken advantage of the d~cree to propose worse terms than those already provided in existing agreements, either by reducing overtime rates or by calculating at ordinary rates periods and classes of work formerly· paid at higher rafes. · Social Insurance. (a) Unemployment and Labour Exchanges. The central and local offices have been suppressed. Nearly all the funds have been placed under the administration of a government commissioner. l'he workers have to pay their contributions, but have no say in the administration of their money. All the labour exchanges set up under decrees already in force have been suppressed ; the mixed offices have been reduced. (Decree of February 4, 1923.) (b) Agricultural Accidents Insurance. · Workers over 65 and under 12 years of age have been excluded from compensation, while no ~egislative provision has been made to prohibit working outside these limits. The burden of insurance has been thrown, in whole or in part, on the small tenant working on his own account, the metayer, and the cultivator working for a share in the yield. The minimum degree of permanent invalidity _entitling to compensation has been raised from 10 to 15 per cent. Small owners, metayers, tenants and their families have been excluded from grants for temporary incapacity, thus relieving the big landowners of the payment _of insurance premiums. (Decree law oJ February 11, 1923.) (c) Sickness. On November 16, 1922, the Council of Ministers made promises in regard to sickness insurance, but no further proposals have been brought forward to give effect to the promise. (d) Invalidity, Old Age and Unemployment Insurance. In many districts the landowners have suspended their contributions. The Court of Cassation has declared invalid the decrees imposing contributions, on 37 D. Biblioteca Gino Bianco
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