............. ··----·-···· .. ·· .. ··· .. ··-·········"················· ........................................... ORGANISATION OF LABOUR overseers, and managers are removed from the premises if they resist the change and refuse to co-operate. If willing to participate, they are made to ·-understand that henceforth they are neither masters nor owners : that the factory becomes public property in charge of the union of workers engaged in the industry, all equal partners in the general undertaking. · It is to be expected that the higher officials of large industrial and manufacturirtg concerns will refuse to co-operate. Thus they eliminate themselves. Their place must be taken by workers previously prepared for the job. That is why I have emphasised the utmost importance of industrial preparation. This is a primal necessity in a situation that will inevitably develop and· on it will depend, more than on any other factor, the success of the social revolution. Industrial preparation is the most essenti"alpoint, for without it the revolution is doomed to collapse. The engineers and other technical specialists are more likely to Join hands with labour when the social revolution comes, particularly tf a closer bond and better understanding have in the meantime been established betwet:;nthe manual, and mental workers. Should they refuse and should the workers have failed to prepare themselves industrially and technically, then production ·would depe1:d on c?mP:elling the wilfully obstinate to co-operate-ap experiment tne<l m the Russian Revolution and proved a complete failure. The grave mistake of the Bolsheviki in this connection was their hostile treatment of the whole class of the intelligentsia on account of the opposition of some members of it. It was the spirit of intolerance, inherent in fanatical .dogma, which caused them to persecute an entire social group because of the fault of a few. This manifes,ted itself in the policy of wholesale vengeance upon the professional elements, the technical specialists, the co-operative organisations, and all cultured persons in general. Most of them, at first friendly to the Revolution, some even enthusiastic in its favour, were alienated by these Bolshevik tactics, and their co-operation wqS made impossible. As a result of their dictatorial attitude, the Communists were led to resort to increased oppression and tyranny till they finally introduced purely martial !Ilethods in the industrial life of the country. It was the era of compulsory labour, the militarisation of factory and mill, which unavoidably e_nded in disaster, because forced labour is, by the very nature of coerc10n,_bad and inefficient; moreover, those so C_?mpelledreact upon the situation by wilful sabotage, by systematic _del~y and spoilage of work, which an intelligent enemy ·can practice m a way that cannot be 75 B blioteca Gino Bianco
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